{"id":25981285,"date":"2025-12-17T08:54:40","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T08:54:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nutagen.com\/maximalni-delka-zivota-cloveka-jeste-nebyla-dosazena\/"},"modified":"2025-12-17T08:54:40","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T08:54:40","slug":"maximalni-delka-zivota-cloveka-jeste-nebyla-dosazena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/maximalni-delka-zivota-cloveka-jeste-nebyla-dosazena\/","title":{"rendered":"Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka je\u0161t\u011b nebyla dosa\u017eena"},"content":{"rendered":"

Studie dosp\u011bla k povzbudiv\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru pro v\u0161echny, kte\u0159\u00ed doufaj\u00ed v dlouh\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podle nov\u00e9 studie bude sou\u010dasn\u00fd rekord nejdel\u0161\u00ed d\u00e9lky \u017eivota v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch desetilet\u00edch pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1n. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka, pokud v\u016fbec existuje, toti\u017e je\u0161t\u011b nebyla dosa\u017eena.<\/p>\n

Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka \u017eivota lid\u00ed d\u00edky lep\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, hygien\u011b a v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b ji\u017e des\u00edtky let zvy\u0161uje. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka se v\u0161ak od roku 1997, kdy ve v\u011bku 122 let zem\u0159ela Francouzka Jeanne Calment (nar. 1875), nezm\u011bnila.<\/p>\n

To vedlo ke spekulac\u00edm o tom, zda existuje horn\u00ed hranice d\u00e9lky lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka \u017eivota by se mohla t\u00e9to horn\u00ed hranici d\u00e1le p\u0159ibli\u017eovat, ale bez ohledu na to, jak\u00e9ho pokroku jako spole\u010dnost dos\u00e1hneme, lid\u00e9 tento v\u011bk prost\u011b nep\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Biologie vs. statistika<\/h3>\n

Dosud se v\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdzkumu maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lky lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota soust\u0159edila na biologii. Studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v b\u0159eznu 2023 v odborn\u00e9m \u010dasopise PLOS One se tomuto t\u00e9matu p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eila z pohledu statistiky a dosp\u011bla k povzbudiv\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru pro v\u0161echny, kte\u0159\u00ed doufaj\u00ed v dlouh\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e v\u00fdsledky potvrzuj\u00ed d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee pokud existuje horn\u00ed hranice d\u00e9lky lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, je\u0161t\u011b se k n\u00ed nep\u0159ibli\u017eujeme,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed auto\u0159i David McCarthy a Po-Lin Wang z University of Georgia a University of South Florida.<\/p>\n

Pro svou studii auto\u0159i analyzovali \u00fadaje o \u00famrtnosti osob narozen\u00fdch ve stejn\u00e9m roce v USA a 18 dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Zjistili, \u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk \u00famrt\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu historie sice neust\u00e1le stoup\u00e1, ale \u017ee existuj\u00ed i obdob\u00ed, kdy maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bk prudce stoup\u00e1 \u2013 jev, kter\u00fd se ozna\u010duje jako \u201eposun \u00famrtnosti\u201c.<\/p>\n

To bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno nap\u0159\u00edklad u \u017een narozen\u00fdch v letech 1855 a\u017e 1875 a existuj\u00ed n\u00e1znaky, \u017ee k tomu doch\u00e1z\u00ed i u skupin narozen\u00fdch v letech 1900 a\u017e 1950. Dosud \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z t\u011bchto lid\u00ed nep\u0159ekonal rekord maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lky \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich je je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mlad\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Podle anal\u00fdzy v\u011bdc\u016f se zd\u00e1, \u017ee v \u010dele tohoto jevu stoj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jedna skupina. Model tedy nazna\u010duje, \u017ee nejstar\u0161\u00ed japonsk\u00e1 \u017eena, narozen\u00e1 v roce 1940, m\u00e1 50% \u0161anci do\u017e\u00edt se v\u00edce ne\u017e 130 let.<\/p>\n

Dlouhov\u011bkost pot\u0159ebuje podporu<\/h3>\n

Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 na tom, zda je model p\u0159esn\u00fdm popisem toho, jak se bude m\u011bnit mor\u00e1lka ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, a zda bude existovat stabiln\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9, politick\u00e9 a ekologick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bude i nad\u00e1le podporovat extr\u00e9mn\u00ed dlouhov\u011bkost.<\/p>\n

My\u0161lenka, \u017ee neexistuje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka, je sice vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed \u2013 na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nesmrtelnost nen\u00ed teoreticky vylou\u010dena \u2013, ale tak\u00e9 to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee situace, se kterou se ji\u017e nyn\u00ed pot\u00fdk\u00e1me, a to st\u00e1rnut\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace, by mohla m\u00edt v budoucnu je\u0161t\u011b mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dopad.<\/p>\n

O to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je proto ji\u017e nyn\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o tom, jak zajistit p\u00e9\u010di o tuto rostouc\u00ed skupinu senior\u016f v jejich posledn\u00edch letech \u017eivota. \u010c\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed by mohly b\u00fdt nositeln\u00e1 technick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (wearables), pokro\u010dil\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed roboty a autonomn\u00ed dod\u00e1vky potravin.<\/p>\n

Reference<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. McCarthy, D. & Wang, P. (2023). Mortality postponement and compression at older ages in human cohorts. PLOS ONE<\/em>, 18<\/em>(3), e0281752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0281752<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Lu, J. K., Sijm, M., Janssens, G. E., Goh, J. & Maier, A. B. (2023). Remote monitoring technologies for measuring cardiovascular functions in community-dwelling adults: a systematic review. GeroScience<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-023-00815-4<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nov\u00e1 statistick\u00e1 studie nazna\u010duje, \u017ee maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka je\u0161t\u011b nebyla dosa\u017eena a \u017ee budouc\u00ed generace maj\u00ed velkou \u0161anci v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159ekonat dosavadn\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 rekordy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25981284,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[150],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25981285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-proti-starnuti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25981285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25981285"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25981285\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25981284"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25981285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25981285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutagen.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25981285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}